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1) On May 6, 2022, the Central Arizona Project and the Arizona Department of Water Resources (ADWR) held a public briefing on the Colorado River Shortage Preparedness highlighting the severe Colorado River Basin drought, with conditions driest in 1,200 years. Arizona faced a 36% reduction in Colorado River water supply in 2023. TO address this, the state announced a $1.2 billion investment in eater infrastructure. Major copper producers in Arizona combat drought and climate change by employing long-term conservation strategies and water stewardship. The ADWR oversees groundwater planning and conservation, requiring responsible use and regulating "groundwater mining." Surface water rights are managed by ADWR's Surface Water Division, defining beneficial use, including mining. The Arizona Department of Environmental Quality (ADEQ) protects water quality and requires compliance through Aquifer Protection Permits. ADWR mandates water conservation measures for metal mining facilities within active management areas (AMAs). Various best management practices (BMPs) address water uses categories, promoting efficiency and recycled water use. Life cycle assessments are crucial for evaluating water supply impacts, especially in Arizona's arid climate. Metal mines aim to minimize freshwater use, plan for climate-related impacts, and collaborate for sustainable water resource management. Future metal mining plans involve technology adoption like filtered tailings, reduced water evaporation, and enhanced water reuse. Adaptive management and stakeholder engagement will guide miners through the intricate water management landscape, ensuring sustainable practices amidst drought and climate challenges.
2) Panama's Supreme Court declared a 20-year concession for a Canadian copper mine unconstitutional, promoting the president to initiate the mine's closure. The mine, operated by Minera Panama, faced opposition over environmental concerns, risking damaged to forested areas and water supplies. The court's unanimous decision was met with celebration by protesters, urging immediate suspension of mining operations. Minera Panama acknowledged the court's ruling, emphasizing compliance with regulations. President Laurentino Cortizo announced plans for an orderly mine closure upon receiving the court's ruling. The mine, contributing 3% to Panama's GDP and employing thousands, was subjected to legislative agreements allowing its operation for an additional 20 years. The dispute spurred widespread protests, including blockades of the mine's power plant and sections of the Pan American highway. Demonstrators feared the mine's ecological impact, particularly on water resources. Protests led to logistical challenges for the mine, with blocked ports and disrupted supplies. The court ruling served as the final opportunity for opponents to contest the mine's contract. The Canadian government respected the decision, expressing a desire for a mutually beneficial resolution in ongoing contract negotiations.